The 1st Step Toward Consumer Driven Health
Plans - Why supplemental benefits make the transition
easier
Part of the reason that I initially
got my insurance license, was that as a business consultant
focused on change management, nearly every business owner, CFO
and HR director that I spoke to asked me what I could do about
the rising cost of their healthcare benefits. Up until
recently, with regard to their major medical plan costs rising
at double-digit rates every year, there was little I could
recommend aside from biting the bullet and accepting that it
would be a painful process of micro re-examination of plan
costs nearly every year. Many decision makers are being forced
to shift costs to their employees or do away with certain
benefits altogether. Fortunately, now there is finally a
sensible way to reduce costs (and taxes, by the way), give
employees more choice, more security and believe it or not,
keep them from storming the castle with rakes and torches when
you ask them to contribute more out of their own pockets. These
plans are aptly called “Consumer Driven Health Plans” (or
CDHPs) because the policyholder makes as many choices about
their health benefit plans as their employer.
Two key components of CDHPs have been receiving a lot of press.
The first is the Health Savings Account (HSA), which must be
used in conjunction with the second, a High Deductible Health
Plan (HDHP). Without going into great detail about the
restrictions, the whole idea is that by enrolling in a major
medical health insurance plan with a significantly higher
deductible ($1000 or more), the company (and/or the employee)
can dramatically reduce the premium cost. In addition, by
replacing Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs require the
participants to use the tax free money contributed during the
plan year or lose it) with HSAs (that allow the participants to
accumulate money in their account tax free BUT the money rolls
over from year to year) eventually, the deductible is covered
with tax-free dollars.
The only downside to this plan is that FSAs make the elected
amount available on day one of the plan, whereas HSAs allow
only the amount that has been funded to date to be made
available. In other words, for most folks, the first year of
such a plan puts them at risk for substantial out of pocket
expense related to the deductible.
The way to avoid this risk is to implement a third key
component of the plan, Supplemental Benefits. Most often via a
new or existing Cafeteria (Section 125) plan.
For several reasons, supplemental benefits should be the first
step in any HDHP/HSA plan. First is that they introduce
employees to employee funded, 100% voluntary plans so employees
come to feel comfortable with contributing to their own
financial security. Second is that supplemental plans cover
deductibles and co-pays, so employees realize that by
participating, they reduce their own out of pocket expense
should the unthinkable happen. Thirdly, they learn the value of
pre-tax dollars. And last, more choice lends itself to better
education in just what those choices are. In other words,
employees take more interest in learning how their overall plan
fits together and what the best choices are for their family.
When Supplemental plans are introduced first, employees feel
empowered by the fact that the company is giving them options
to better protect their family without changing anything else.
Then when the HDHP/HSA changeover is eventually made, far fewer
employees will feel like they're getting the short end of the
stick.
So what makes up a good Supplemental plan?
While many of the plans are similar in benefits and structure,
the providers vary widely in how they work and what they
actually provide in terms of customer service. Your employees
trust you to select high quality benefit providers that give
them financial stability and control when they need it most. As
more and more players enter the game, every insurance provider
will be touting their respective accolades. Just be aware that
many small, unproven operations hide beneath the veil of a
well-known brand. In some cases, insurance conglomerates are
simply an affiliation of unrelated subsidiaries that were
acquired for a specific strategic purpose; in this case, to
enter the voluntary benefits market. Like the Wizard of Oz, you
may find that a parent company's financial and marketing
statistics give a misleading view of the size and capabilities
of the business unit that actually does the product design,
underwriting, and servicing.
Nobody likes surprises. Especially, related to financial
security. And the last thing anyone wants to hear from an
employee who has claims issues and thought they signed up for a
policy with BIG Insurance Company (whose slick marketing reps
touted gazillions in financial backing and years of
experience), is that they've now found out that the policy they
were counting on to protect their family was really
underwritten by the National United Smoke and Mirrors Insurance
Company of Hoboken, NJ., which did strictly Property and
Casualty insurance until last year. So pay attention to the man
behind the curtain.
If you ask the right questions of potential providers, you'll
be doing your company and your employees a big favor by picking
the best provider for their needs.
Here are some suggestions:
Who is really underwriting the policy and how long have they
been doing it?
Experience has its strength, and in the guaranteed renewable
(supplemental) market, size does matter. What is the company's
history and track record? You want a company that has the depth
to handle any adverse selection, and a track record of
satisfied clients across industries.
What is the financial standing of the company?
Regardless of whether you use A.M Best, Moody's, Fitch,
Standard and Poors or some other rating system, make sure you
choose one of the highest rated companies. There are several. A
is better than B, + is better than -, and so on.
How is the company recognized?
Accolades and industry market share are some indicators, but
what you're really looking for is long-term satisfaction by
clients. Long-term relationships with companies like your own
are good indicators. More importantly, what is the actual
operating unit that provides the underwriting classified as? A
life insurance company? A property and casualty company, or a
liability company?
And what are its individual ratings?
Are voluntary benefits the insurance provider's top
priority?
Are supplemental/voluntary plans the company's only focus or
are they a sidelight meant to be a means to open a door to
other relationships? What percent does the insurance being
offered represent of the parent company's overall premium base?
Who you choose can have a lot to do with whether you want to
put all your eggs in one basket…or not.
Is representation national?
Do they have a physical presence in all 50 states or just an
800# that goes to a central office? Do they have dedicated
agents in your geographic locale or is it a loosely tied,
affiliation of middlemen spotted across the map? For companies
with one or two local branches, this is not an issue. However,
even for companies with many locations in a single state, how
consistent your message is conveyed and how well your employees
are serviced depends on how well the company's representatives
are trained across the geography. What is the depth and quality
of backup?
How often do the rates go up? And what are the circumstances
that cause rate hikes?
Some companies guarantee rates for policyholders for a period
of time (usually two or three years). Do some due diligence as
to how often and how high those rates increase over time.
Require a written history. Past practices are a good predictor
of future trends. The industry leader has never raised its
rates for existing policyholders, but is still one of the top
selling insurance stocks. It doesn't make sense to get a great
low rate, if in only a few years it becomes a high rate.
How complicated is the underwriting?
How far back does the underwriting go for critical illness
plans? Are any disclosure documents required outside of the
application? How many questions are asked during a typical
enrollment and what do they require for information on
pre-existing conditions? What you're looking for is as little
underwriting as possible. Guaranteed Issue is uncommon unless
the group is very large, and in many cases not available at all
from even the best companies. Understand what the parameters
are for “knock-out” questions. Make sure they seem
reasonable.
How strict is the company's definition of disability?
In some insurance policies' definition of disability, the
insured must be entirely unable to perform each and every duty
of his/her job, as well as other specific requirements. Other
companies are more liberal in their definition of “total
disability” before benefits are paid, often requiring that the
insured only be unable to perform “material and substantial”
duties before they are deemed disabled. This is one of those
areas that vary widely so understand what defines “disabled” by
seeing documented examples. Less stringent is better.
What is the company's loss ratio?
Loss ratio is defined by incurred claims over the life of the
average policy divided by earned premium. Meaning what is the
average payout versus what the policyholder pays in? Higher is
better.
How quickly does the company pay claims?
Unfortunately the landscape varies widely in this key factor.
Faster is better. Less hassle is better. Do your homework on
this one. Some companies have been nailed in recent years for
having internal policies relating to nonpayment of legitimate
claims. It's been uncovered as common practice in other
companies to deny legitimate claims pending certain documents
that seem to become less and less relevant, stringing you along
for months hoping that you'll give up. Look very closely at
procedures and ask for statistics on both common and uncommon
claims.
Do benefits require coordination with other coverage before
payment is issued?
Some companies offer plans that sound great, but if coverages
overlap, all the benefits are not paid. Other providers pay
over and above any other insurance the policy holder has,
regardless of type or amount or to whom the benefit is
payable.
How are benefits paid?
Are they paid directly to the policyholder? To the doctor or
hospital? Or some combination of both? Since more choice is
better than less choice, the preferable payment is directly to
the policyholder who then determines where the money goes.
Does the company encourage preventive care as part of its
policies?
Many companies encourage preventative care as part of their
base policies and incent policyholders to seek common
precautionary screenings in an effort to reduce claims. It
makes good sense all around since early-detected conditions
usually result in more effective treatment and less time off
work. Look for companies that make such benefits a real part of
the plan, not riders or options.
Are the policies offered portable?
Portability means that the policy is owned by the policyholder
and not the company. So if the policyholder leaves the company
for any reason, the policyholder retains coverage at the same
levels. True portability means at the same rate as well. Some
companies confuse convertibility with portability, making
policies truly portable only under certain circumstances.
Convertibility means that the policy converts from one form to
another, usually a change in benefits offered or rates.
John Logan is a serial entrepreneur and President and CEO
of Business Benefits Solutions
Network(businessbenefitssolutions.net/index2.htm).
He is also Chairman and CEO of SafeGuard
Guaranty Corporation, a Nevis based insurance
company. Mr. Logan welcomes email from readers
at info@businessbenefitssolutions.net
Provided By: Business, Finance and
Management
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